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什么是碳纖維 What is carbon fiber

碳纖維是由碳元素組成的一種特種纖維，其含碳量隨種類不同而異，一般在90%以上。

Carbon fiber is specially made of carbon elements. Its carbon content varies with different types, generally more than 90%.

特性/Characteristic

• 耐高溫、耐摩擦

  Electrically and thermally conductive

• 導(dǎo)電、導(dǎo)熱、耐腐蝕

  Strong resistance to high temperature, abrasion and corrosion

優(yōu)點(diǎn)/Advantage

• 外形有顯著的各向異性、柔軟、可加工成各種織物，沿纖維軸方向表現(xiàn)出很高的強(qiáng)度。碳纖維比重小，因此有很高的比強(qiáng)度

  Obvious anisotropy in appearance, soft, processable into various fabrics, and exhibit high strength along the fiber axis. Very high specific strength due to small specific gravity of carbon fiber.

用途/Application

• 與樹脂、金屬、陶瓷等基體復(fù)合，制成結(jié)構(gòu)材料。

  It can be combined with resin, metal, ceramic and other substrates to make structural materials.

什么是碳纖維增強(qiáng)環(huán)氧樹脂復(fù)合材料

What is carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite

碳纖維增強(qiáng)環(huán)氧樹脂復(fù)合材料的比強(qiáng)度、比模量綜合指標(biāo)是現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)材料中最高的。在密度、剛度、重量、疲勞特性等有嚴(yán)格要求的領(lǐng)域，在要求高溫、化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性高的場(chǎng)合，碳纖維復(fù)合材料都頗具優(yōu)勢(shì)。

Specific strength and specific modulus of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite is the highest among existing structural materials. In areas with strict requirements on density, stiffness, weight and fatigue performance, carbon fiber composite materials are quite advantageous in occasions that require high temperature and high chemical stability.

由碳纖維和環(huán)氧樹脂結(jié)合而成的復(fù)合材料，由于其比重小、剛性好和強(qiáng)度高而成為一種先進(jìn)的航空航天材料。因?yàn)楹教祜w行器的重量每減少1公斤，就可使運(yùn)載火箭減輕500公斤。所以先進(jìn)復(fù)合材料在航空航天工業(yè)中應(yīng)用普遍。

The composite material is composed of carbon fiber and epoxy resin. It has become an advanced aerospace material due to its small specific gravity, good rigidity and high strength. For every 1 kg reduction in the weight of a space vehicle, the launch vehicle can be reduced by 500 kg. Therefore, advanced composite materials are widely used in the aerospace industry.

碳纖維及碳纖維復(fù)合材料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
Advantages of carbon fibers and carbon-fiber composite materials

• 高強(qiáng)度（鋼鐵的5倍）

  High strength (5 times of steel)

• 耐熱（可耐2000℃以上的高溫）

  Heat resistant (can withstand high temperatures above 2000°C)

• 抗熱沖擊性優(yōu)異

  Excellent thermal shock resistance

• 低熱膨脹系數(shù)

  Low thermal expansion coefficient

• 熱容量小

  Small heat capacity

• 比重小（鋼的1/5）

  Small specific gravity (1/5 of steel)

• 優(yōu)異的抗腐蝕和抗輻射性能

  Excellent anti-corrosion and anti-radiation performance

碳纖維纏繞工藝 
Carbon fiber winding process

碳纖維纏繞是一種復(fù)合材料連續(xù)成型方法，是將浸過(guò)樹脂膠液的連續(xù)纖維或布帶，按照一定規(guī)律纏繞到芯模上，然后固化脫模成復(fù)合材料制品。

Carbon fiber winding is a continuous molding method of composite materials, which is to wind continuous fibers or fabrics impregnated with resin glue on a core mold according to a certain rule, and then solidify and demold into composite products.

適用產(chǎn)品：碳纖、玻纖復(fù)合材料制品，如圓形管道、壓力罐、貯存罐等旋轉(zhuǎn)對(duì)稱形狀產(chǎn)品（電抗器，大型發(fā)電子定子, 高壓氣瓶，各種絕緣套管）

Applicable products: carbon fiber and glass fiber composite products, such as circular pipes, pressure tanks, storage tanks and other rotationally symmetric products (reactors, large electronic stators, high-pressure gas cylinders, various insulating sleeves)

特點(diǎn)：成型過(guò)程連續(xù)，一次性完成; 制品形狀和尺寸都能得到保證，在直徑方向的強(qiáng)度高。但需要專門的纏繞機(jī)器和輔助設(shè)備，生產(chǎn)成本較高

Features: Continuous molding process completed at one time; well guaranteed shape and size of the finished product, and high strength in diameter direction. However, relatively high production cost, specialized winding machines and auxiliary equipment are required.

工藝分類（按樹脂成型狀態(tài)不同） 

Process classification (by different resin molding states)

所有工藝中以濕法纏繞應(yīng)用最為普遍。干法纏繞僅用于高性能、高精度的航空航天的高端技術(shù)領(lǐng)域。

Among all the processes, wet winding is the most common application. Dry winding is only applied in high-performance, high-precision and high-end aerospace technology.

碳纖維纏繞工藝原材料 Raw materials for carbon fiber winding process

• 增強(qiáng)材料：纖維紗

  Reinforcing material: fiber yarn

• 樹脂基體：樹脂和固化劑組成的膠體材料。樹脂主要是不飽和聚酯樹脂（民用管，罐），環(huán)氧樹脂（壓縮和層間剪切強(qiáng)度要求高的），雙馬來(lái)酰亞胺樹脂（航空航天制品）

  Resin matrix: colloidal material composed of resin and curing agent. Main resins include unsaturated polyester resin (civil pipes, tanks), epoxy resin (high compression and interlayer shear strength requirements), bismaleimide resin (aerospace products) 

• 填料：加入后能改善樹脂基體的性能，如提高耐磨性，增加阻燃性，降低收縮率

  Filler: It can improve the performance of the resin matrix after being added. For example, it can achieve better abrasion resistance, higher flame retardancy and lower shrinkage.

碳纖維纏繞成型優(yōu)點(diǎn) Advantages of carbon fiber winding

• 纖維強(qiáng)度高：可以按照產(chǎn)品受力狀況設(shè)計(jì)纏繞規(guī)律，可以充分發(fā)揮纖維強(qiáng)度

  High fiber strength: According to the force condition of the product, winding pattern can be designed to give full play to the strength of the fiber to achieve the best effect.

• 比強(qiáng)度高：纖維纏繞壓力容器與同體積、同壓力鋼制容器比，重量減輕40%-60%

  High specific strength: The weight of the fiber-wound pressure vessel is 40%-60% less than the steel vessel of the same volume and pressure.

• 可靠性高：易實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化，機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)。工藝條件確定后，纏出來(lái)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定，精確

  High reliability: Easy to realize automation and mechanized production. After the process conditions are determined, the quality of the wrapped product is stable and accurate.

• 生產(chǎn)效率高：自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)，纏繞速度快（240m/min）

  High production efficiency: automatic production, fast winding speed (240m/min)

• 成本低：同一產(chǎn)品可合理選配若干材料（包括樹脂，纖維和內(nèi)襯），使其再?gòu)?fù)合，達(dá)到最佳經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)效果

  Low cost: The same product can be equipped with several materials (including resin, fiber and lining) to make it recombined to achieve the best economic and technical effect.

碳纖維纏繞成型缺點(diǎn) Disadvantages of carbon fiber winding

• 纏繞成型適應(yīng)性小，不能纏任意結(jié)構(gòu)形式制品，特別是表面有凹的制品

  Winding process is not adaptable to arbitrary structure of products, especially the products with concave surface.

• 纏繞需要纏繞機(jī)，芯模，固化加熱爐，脫模機(jī)，熟練工人

  Require winding machine, mandrel, curing furnace, demoulding machine and skilled workers.

南通新納希新材料有限公司擁有十幾年專業(yè)生產(chǎn)各類特種環(huán)氧樹脂的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)。下期內(nèi)容中，我們將重點(diǎn)介紹適用于碳纖維纏繞工藝的新納希自有專利樹脂產(chǎn)品S-186。讓我們下期內(nèi)容見！

Nantong Synasia New Material Co., Ltd. has more than ten years of valuable experience specializing in the production of various specialty epoxy resins. In the next article, we will focus on introducing Synasia’s patented resin product S-186 which is perfectly suitable for carbon fiber winding application. Let's see you in the next article!